Introduction

Welcome to the Gen Z Poll Report for July 2024! We are thrilled to share the findings from our recent survey, which captures the thoughts and opinions of Gen Zs across Kenya. This report delves into their views on significant current issues, particularly the ongoing youth-led protests. Our goal is to provide valuable insights that can foster meaningful discussions and inform decision-making.

Survey Methodology

The opinion poll was conducted between the 14th and 15th of July, 2024. To ensure accuracy and reliability, we employed Computer-Assisted Telephone Interviews (CATI) to gather quantitative data. The survey sample comprised 1,000 respondents aged 18 to 27 years, representing Gen Zs. This sample was designed using Population Proportionate to Size (PPS) based on the 2019 Census, ensuring that it was representative of the target population across all eight regions of Kenya.

The survey has a margin of error of ±3.099% at a 95% confidence level, and we achieved a high response rate of 94%. In cases where the actual interviews slightly differed from the intended proportions per demographic group, the data was weighted to correct for any over or under-sampling, thus ensuring proportional representation. Data processing and analysis were conducted using SPSS 26 statistical software, known for its accuracy and reliability.

Sample Distribution

The survey covered all eight regions of Kenya to ensure national representativeness. The distribution of the survey sample across the regions was as follows: Coast (9%), North Eastern (4%), Eastern (15%), Central (13%), Rift Valley (26%), Western (10%), Nyanza (12%), and Nairobi City (11%).

Key Findings

• Support for Youth-led Protests

Amid the growing discontent and economic struggles, 74% of Gen Z respondents expressed strong support for the ongoing protests. Their primary motivations include the high cost of living (43%), a desire for change in the country (39%), unemployment (36%), and the need for accountability (30%). However, 22% of the respondents oppose the protests due to concerns over property destruction (57%), extrajudicial killings (56%), police brutality (24%), and economic disruptions.

• Triggers of Youth Protests

The protests, making headlines globally, are driven by several critical issues. The high cost of living is cited by 54% of respondents, unemployment by 52%, the withdrawn Finance Bill 2024 by 43%, and government corruption by 36%. Interestingly, 27% of the respondents reported participating in the protests, with physical participation being the most common (78%) followed by social media campaigns (37%).

• Government Actions

Most Gen Z respondents support various government measures taken in response to the protests. The withdrawal of the Finance Bill 2024 garnered the highest support at 94%, followed by the dissolution of the cabinet at 89%, the review of budgetary allocations at 87%, and the resignation of former Inspector General of Police Japheth Koome at 76%. However, a majority of 72% oppose the deployment of the Kenya Defence Forces (KDF) to assist the police in managing the protests, reflecting concerns over the militarization of the response.

• Performance of Former Cabinet Secretaries

About one-third (32%) of the respondents believe that some former Cabinet Secretaries performed well in their roles and should be considered for inclusion in the next cabinet to be appointed by the President.

Participation and Demographics

Participation in the protests was higher among younger Gen Zs aged 18-24 years (35%) compared to those aged 25-27 years (24%). Gender-wise, participation was almost even, with 28% of male respondents and 27% of female respondents taking part in the protests.

Employment and Education Levels

The survey also gathered data on the employment and education levels of the respondents. The findings indicate diverse backgrounds, with varying levels of education from primary to university and different employment statuses ranging from formally employed to unemployed.

A Reflection of the Findings with Current Trends

The ongoing protests in Kenya are a clear manifestation of the economic and social frustrations echoed by Gen Z. With high unemployment rates and a skyrocketing cost of living, these young individuals are taking to the streets and social media to demand change. Their overwhelming support for the protests, combined with their dissatisfaction with certain government actions, underscores the urgent need for reforms that address their concerns.

The protests have become a powerful platform for Gen Z to voice their discontent with the status quo. This generation is experiencing firsthand the impact of economic instability, marked by rising prices for basic necessities such as food, housing, and education. The high unemployment rate further exacerbates their challenges, leaving many young people feeling disenfranchised and disillusioned about their future prospects. This economic strain is a significant driver behind the protests, as young people rally for better job opportunities, fair wages, and a more inclusive economy.

Social media has amplified the reach and impact of these protests, allowing Gen Z to organize, share their experiences, and call for collective action on a scale never seen before. Platforms like Twitter, Instagram, and TikTok have become vital tools for mobilizing support, documenting instances of police brutality, and demanding transparency and accountability from the government. This digital activism reflects the savvy and interconnected nature of Gen Z, who are adept at leveraging technology to advocate for social change.

The strong opposition to certain government actions, such as the deployment of the Kenya Defence Forces, highlights the deep mistrust between the youth and the authorities. Many young people view these actions as attempts to suppress their voices rather than address the root causes of their grievances. The widespread support for measures like the withdrawal of the Finance Bill and the dissolution of the cabinet indicates a demand for genuine reform and a government that is responsive to the needs of its citizens.

In this context, the findings of our poll underscore the critical need for policymakers to engage with the youth, understand their concerns, and implement solutions that address their economic and social challenges. The protests are not just a moment of unrest but a call to action for sustainable and inclusive development that ensures a better future for all Kenyans.